FREE NEWSLETTER

Retirement is like a long vacation in Vegas. The goal is to enjoy it to the fullest, but not so fully that we run out of money.

Latest PostsAll Discussions »

Retirement

Why can’t Americans put more effort into understanding Social Security?

"And yet they have no problem complaining about that which they have no interest in."
- R Quinn
Read more »

Markets

Doubling the Bear Market Low

"What I find particularly interesting about this discussion is how portfolio growth can change the nature of the risk we're taking, even when we haven't made a single investment decision. A portfolio that has doubled since the 2022 lows may look very different today, not only in terms of asset allocation but also in terms of what that capital now represents in someone's life. I don't think rebalancing should necessarily be automatic simply because an allocation has drifted from its original target. But I also wouldn't dismiss the increased risk just because much of the growth came from investment gains. Perhaps the more useful question is whether the portfolio still serves the same purpose it did four years ago. If those gains have brought someone significantly closer to financial independence, protecting part of that progress might make sense. For someone with a longer horizon and secure income, the answer could be quite different. The interesting part is that the same portfolio allocation can be perfectly reasonable for one investor and uncomfortable for another, depending on what the money is ultimately meant to accomplish."
- Massimiliano Scioscia
Read more »

Insurance

To Claim or Not to Claim, That Is the Question

"This is one reason why people hate insurance companies."
- Randy Dobkin
Read more »

Family

The Advantage We Bring

"Dan, those conversations can stay with us long after a vacation ends. I appreciate your distinction between getting a glimpse of someone’s life and knowing what it’s like to live it. Your point about people struggling at home is well taken, too. Gratitude and generosity shouldn’t depend on which country we’re visiting. Your reflection on your tax practice also resonates. We can be proud of what we’ve built while recognizing that others may have faced obstacles we never had to consider. That awareness is something I want to carry with me, both in the Philippines and here at home."
- Andrew Clements
Read more »

From HumbleDollar Founder Jonathan Clements

Careers

Late Shift

LIKE A SLOW-MOTION train wreck, we’ve spent recent decades inching toward a world where we have too few workers and too many retirees dependent…
Read more »

Investing

Do I really need International funds in my portfolio? I say no.

"Rather than debate the point, I would just note that practically all of the investing and personal finance experts I follow recommend some kind of international allocation. As I recall Jonathan Clements liked holding the global stock market as represented by Vanguard Total World Stock Index Fund ETF (VT) where international is well more than a third. Adam Grossman says for diversification purposes there’s not much point in holding more than 20 percent. But virtually all recommend some kind of international allocation. "
- Michael1
Read more »

Behavior

Monopoly

"lol, of course both the Mudhens and Tony Packos are musts on the game."
- DAN SMITH
Read more »

In Retirement

The pension conundrum and a solution

"Your fellow taxpayers say “you’re welcome.” 😁"
- R Quinn
Read more »

In Retirement

Widow’s IRA Choice

WHEN A HUSBAND dies, his widow inherits his IRA. Somewhere in the paperwork of the months that follow there is a decision to make, and nobody presents it to her as one. She can take the account as her own, or she can leave it titled as inherited. Taking it as her own means filling something in. Leaving it means doing nothing, and the IRS tells custodians they may assume that is what she wants. So the account sits where it is, at the same firm, holding money the household always treated as joint, and the decision gets made by nobody. It is the more expensive of the two. Not by a little. Two Tables Every year, a required minimum distribution, or RMD, has to come out of the account. The amount is the balance divided by a number from an IRS table, and there are two tables in play here. Beneficiaries use the Single Life Expectancy table. Owners use the Uniform Lifetime table, which spreads the money over a longer period and therefore asks for less each year. That is the whole mechanism, and it is worth about a third of the annual bill. Take a widow of 76 with $480,000. Left titled as an inherited account, she must take $34,043 that year. Had she taken the same account into her own name, she would have to take $20,253. Same money, same woman, same birthday. The difference is which box got ticked in the months after the funeral. It Does Not Happen Once That gap is not a one-year event. Run both versions forward 10 years, same account, same growth, taking exactly what is required and nothing more. The inherited schedule forces out $374,306 over the decade. As owner, $246,281. She pays about $30,600 more in federal income tax getting there, and reaches 85 with roughly $171,000 less still inside the IRA. She has not lost that money. She has been made to take it out early, pay tax on it sooner, and hold it somewhere less sheltered for the rest of her life. That is a slower kind of damage than a penalty, and a larger one, because it renews every January for as long as she lives. A Floor, Not a Ceiling The usual objection to taking the account as your own is that it locks the money up. It does the opposite. A required distribution is a floor, not a ceiling. She can take more in any year she wants it, for any reason, and nobody asks why. What she leaves alone stays sheltered and keeps compounding. The lower figure buys her the choice. The higher one makes it for her, every year, whether the money is needed or not. One Case Runs the Other Way There is a real exception, and it matters enough to state plainly. Money paid out of an inherited IRA escapes the 10% early-withdrawal penalty at any age, because the IRS exempts what is paid to a beneficiary on account of the owner's death. Take the account as your own and you are back under the ordinary rules. So a survivor who is young enough that an early withdrawal would be penalized, and who expects to need the money, has a genuine reason to leave the account exactly where it is. That threshold is 59 and a half. For most couples already retired this will not apply, and the rest of the article governs. Where it does apply, it outranks everything above. Nobody Will Prompt You I wrote recently about the letter that never comes. A custodian has to tell an IRA owner what must be withdrawn each year, and owes an inherited account nothing at all. So the choice decides more than the size of the bill. Take the account as your own and the letter starts arriving, every January, for the rest of your life. Leave it as inherited and you are on your own to remember the RMD. The branch that requires no paperwork is therefore both the more expensive one and the quiet one, and those two facts feed each other. The option that costs more is also the one that removes the annual nudge that might have made you reconsider it. Decide It Before You Have To None of this is hard to work out. It is hard to work out in the eight weeks after a funeral, which is exactly when it gets decided, usually by default. If you are married and you both hold IRAs, settle it now, while it is hypothetical for both of you. Talk through which of you would be likely to need the money soon after the other died. That is what the 59-and-a-half question really asks, and it is a conversation about your circumstances rather than about tax tables. Then decide which way the survivor should go, write it down, and put it with your trust, your will and the beneficiary designations, where a survivor or an executor will actually come across it. Tell whoever else needs to know that it exists. Look at it again as either of you nears the age your own distributions must begin. That is 70 and a half if you were born before July 1949, 72 if you were born between then and the end of 1950, 73 if you were born between 1951 and 1959, and 75 if you were born in 1960 or later. It is the birthday that makes the whole question live. The paperwork will not choose for you. It will simply do nothing, which is a choice, and on these numbers it is the wrong one for most people who make it by accident. ________________________________________________________________________________ John Urban is the founder of RetireSmartIRA, a retirement tax-planning app. Earlier, he founded GT Nexus, a supply-chain software company acquired by Infor in 2015. He lives in Northern California with his wife, Kathy, and enjoys time with family, travel, reading, Bay Area sports, and the occasional deep dive into the fine print of the tax code.
Read more »

Saving

Jonathan Clements Initiative at the Bogle Center for Financial Literacy

"We are giving much more than we ever have, but we still find it hard. In fact we have a couple DAF's (donor advised funds, essentially deferred giving) that have grown larger than most people's net worth. Why is it so hard to give money away? For us, having always been very frugal, a big barrier is the loss of control. Once we give away the keys, someone else will make the decisions about how to drive. I try to calm this fear by reminding myself that I am also an inadequate, imperfect, deficient manager, and that giving away control is just like diversification, which in the long run will lead to a greater and more stable return on investment. We'll try to keep working on it!"
- Steve Spinella
Read more »

Retirement

Roth conversion cash flow

"For what it is worth, I did a complete analysis with ChatGPT. Ran alternate conversion strategies, did sensitivity analysis and simulations that tweaked several parameters at the same time (had to specify some probabilities of various parameters). I cross-checked with a multi-page excel worksheet that i had coded. The answers were within spitting distance, and the overall strategy was clear cut. The AI prompt is the key -- you must tell it your goal and provide guidance (e.g., account for mortality risk). Finally, I only provided aggregate data to the AI (to nearest $100K to maintain some anonymity."
- ram bala
Read more »

Retirement

Why can’t Americans put more effort into understanding Social Security?

"And yet they have no problem complaining about that which they have no interest in."
- R Quinn
Read more »

Markets

Doubling the Bear Market Low

"What I find particularly interesting about this discussion is how portfolio growth can change the nature of the risk we're taking, even when we haven't made a single investment decision. A portfolio that has doubled since the 2022 lows may look very different today, not only in terms of asset allocation but also in terms of what that capital now represents in someone's life. I don't think rebalancing should necessarily be automatic simply because an allocation has drifted from its original target. But I also wouldn't dismiss the increased risk just because much of the growth came from investment gains. Perhaps the more useful question is whether the portfolio still serves the same purpose it did four years ago. If those gains have brought someone significantly closer to financial independence, protecting part of that progress might make sense. For someone with a longer horizon and secure income, the answer could be quite different. The interesting part is that the same portfolio allocation can be perfectly reasonable for one investor and uncomfortable for another, depending on what the money is ultimately meant to accomplish."
- Massimiliano Scioscia
Read more »

Insurance

To Claim or Not to Claim, That Is the Question

"This is one reason why people hate insurance companies."
- Randy Dobkin
Read more »

Family

The Advantage We Bring

"Dan, those conversations can stay with us long after a vacation ends. I appreciate your distinction between getting a glimpse of someone’s life and knowing what it’s like to live it. Your point about people struggling at home is well taken, too. Gratitude and generosity shouldn’t depend on which country we’re visiting. Your reflection on your tax practice also resonates. We can be proud of what we’ve built while recognizing that others may have faced obstacles we never had to consider. That awareness is something I want to carry with me, both in the Philippines and here at home."
- Andrew Clements
Read more »

From HumbleDollar Founder Jonathan Clements

Careers

Late Shift

LIKE A SLOW-MOTION train wreck, we’ve spent recent decades inching toward a world where we have too few workers and too many retirees dependent…
Read more »

Investing

Do I really need International funds in my portfolio? I say no.

"Rather than debate the point, I would just note that practically all of the investing and personal finance experts I follow recommend some kind of international allocation. As I recall Jonathan Clements liked holding the global stock market as represented by Vanguard Total World Stock Index Fund ETF (VT) where international is well more than a third. Adam Grossman says for diversification purposes there’s not much point in holding more than 20 percent. But virtually all recommend some kind of international allocation. "
- Michael1
Read more »

Behavior

Monopoly

"lol, of course both the Mudhens and Tony Packos are musts on the game."
- DAN SMITH
Read more »

In Retirement

The pension conundrum and a solution

"Your fellow taxpayers say “you’re welcome.” 😁"
- R Quinn
Read more »

In Retirement

Widow’s IRA Choice

WHEN A HUSBAND dies, his widow inherits his IRA. Somewhere in the paperwork of the months that follow there is a decision to make, and nobody presents it to her as one. She can take the account as her own, or she can leave it titled as inherited. Taking it as her own means filling something in. Leaving it means doing nothing, and the IRS tells custodians they may assume that is what she wants. So the account sits where it is, at the same firm, holding money the household always treated as joint, and the decision gets made by nobody. It is the more expensive of the two. Not by a little. Two Tables Every year, a required minimum distribution, or RMD, has to come out of the account. The amount is the balance divided by a number from an IRS table, and there are two tables in play here. Beneficiaries use the Single Life Expectancy table. Owners use the Uniform Lifetime table, which spreads the money over a longer period and therefore asks for less each year. That is the whole mechanism, and it is worth about a third of the annual bill. Take a widow of 76 with $480,000. Left titled as an inherited account, she must take $34,043 that year. Had she taken the same account into her own name, she would have to take $20,253. Same money, same woman, same birthday. The difference is which box got ticked in the months after the funeral. It Does Not Happen Once That gap is not a one-year event. Run both versions forward 10 years, same account, same growth, taking exactly what is required and nothing more. The inherited schedule forces out $374,306 over the decade. As owner, $246,281. She pays about $30,600 more in federal income tax getting there, and reaches 85 with roughly $171,000 less still inside the IRA. She has not lost that money. She has been made to take it out early, pay tax on it sooner, and hold it somewhere less sheltered for the rest of her life. That is a slower kind of damage than a penalty, and a larger one, because it renews every January for as long as she lives. A Floor, Not a Ceiling The usual objection to taking the account as your own is that it locks the money up. It does the opposite. A required distribution is a floor, not a ceiling. She can take more in any year she wants it, for any reason, and nobody asks why. What she leaves alone stays sheltered and keeps compounding. The lower figure buys her the choice. The higher one makes it for her, every year, whether the money is needed or not. One Case Runs the Other Way There is a real exception, and it matters enough to state plainly. Money paid out of an inherited IRA escapes the 10% early-withdrawal penalty at any age, because the IRS exempts what is paid to a beneficiary on account of the owner's death. Take the account as your own and you are back under the ordinary rules. So a survivor who is young enough that an early withdrawal would be penalized, and who expects to need the money, has a genuine reason to leave the account exactly where it is. That threshold is 59 and a half. For most couples already retired this will not apply, and the rest of the article governs. Where it does apply, it outranks everything above. Nobody Will Prompt You I wrote recently about the letter that never comes. A custodian has to tell an IRA owner what must be withdrawn each year, and owes an inherited account nothing at all. So the choice decides more than the size of the bill. Take the account as your own and the letter starts arriving, every January, for the rest of your life. Leave it as inherited and you are on your own to remember the RMD. The branch that requires no paperwork is therefore both the more expensive one and the quiet one, and those two facts feed each other. The option that costs more is also the one that removes the annual nudge that might have made you reconsider it. Decide It Before You Have To None of this is hard to work out. It is hard to work out in the eight weeks after a funeral, which is exactly when it gets decided, usually by default. If you are married and you both hold IRAs, settle it now, while it is hypothetical for both of you. Talk through which of you would be likely to need the money soon after the other died. That is what the 59-and-a-half question really asks, and it is a conversation about your circumstances rather than about tax tables. Then decide which way the survivor should go, write it down, and put it with your trust, your will and the beneficiary designations, where a survivor or an executor will actually come across it. Tell whoever else needs to know that it exists. Look at it again as either of you nears the age your own distributions must begin. That is 70 and a half if you were born before July 1949, 72 if you were born between then and the end of 1950, 73 if you were born between 1951 and 1959, and 75 if you were born in 1960 or later. It is the birthday that makes the whole question live. The paperwork will not choose for you. It will simply do nothing, which is a choice, and on these numbers it is the wrong one for most people who make it by accident. ________________________________________________________________________________ John Urban is the founder of RetireSmartIRA, a retirement tax-planning app. Earlier, he founded GT Nexus, a supply-chain software company acquired by Infor in 2015. He lives in Northern California with his wife, Kathy, and enjoys time with family, travel, reading, Bay Area sports, and the occasional deep dive into the fine print of the tax code.
Read more »

Free Newsletter

Get Educated

Manifesto

NO. 78: OUR THREE most precious resources are health, wealth and time. Handle all three with the care they deserve, and we’ll greatly improve the odds of a rich and meaningful life.

humans

NO. 47: WE LIKE to follow the crowd, including mimicking the investment choices of those around us. Such copycat investing can help inflate stock market bubbles, as folks ignore valuations and pile into popular stocks. That’s obviously risky, but it doesn’t seem risky to the investors involved, who take comfort from the enthusiasm of others.

Truths

NO. 123: WE’RE VIEWED as less creditworthy than, say, the U.S. government or major corporations. That means that, when we borrow money, we typically pay a higher interest rate. Result: Instead of earning interest by buying corporate or government bonds, often we’re better off reducing the interest we pay to others—by paying down our debts.

think

TIME HORIZON. How long will your money be invested, before you need to convert back to cash to pay for your goals? The longer you have, the more risk you can take. Some goals, such as a house down payment, have hard deadlines, with all money needed on a particular day. Others, like retirement, involve softer deadlines, because you’ll use the money over many years.

Safety net

Manifesto

NO. 78: OUR THREE most precious resources are health, wealth and time. Handle all three with the care they deserve, and we’ll greatly improve the odds of a rich and meaningful life.

Spotlight: Investing

Risk Management

BY NOW, YOU'VE probably heard the story of the 25-year-old wunderkind Leopold Aschenbrenner. After graduating as valedictorian from Columbia University at age 19, he worked for FTX, the crypto trading firm, then found his way to OpenAI, where he worked as a researcher for about…
Read more »

Independence Day

Nice! On top of other recent gains, the only individual stock I owned was up two days in a row and had reached the sell price I had in mind for months. Shortly before the market closed on Friday, I logged in to E*TRADE and…
Read more »

A Time to Save

Upon graduating in the early 1990s with a degree in English, folks would routinely ask: “Are you gonna teach?” That wasn’t in my plan, though. Instead, I landed an office job as a writer at a major magazine. The pay wasn’t great, but I could…
Read more »

When to Leave Your Portfolio Alone

I used AI as an editorial assistant to help organize and refine my thoughts; the underlying ideas and personal experiences remain my own. Rebalancing sounds simple. Pick your target allocation and, whenever a holding drifts too far, trade back to target. That’s how I thought…
Read more »

Money and Me

JONATHAN CLEMENTS’S final book was released this week. Titled Money and Me, it traces the arc of Jonathan’s nearly four-decade career as a personal finance columnist. Money and Me starts with the story of a man named George Cope, who was a nineteenth century…
Read more »

Why Bonds Matter

RECENTLY, A READER—let’s call him Tom—posed this question: If stocks historically have delivered far better returns than bonds, then why should an investor own any bonds at all? Even with the stock market's unpredictable ups and downs, wouldn't you end up way ahead by…
Read more »

Spotlight: Lim

Prophecy Fulfilled?

QUANTITATIVE EASING, or QE, has been the Federal Reserve’s policy of choice since interest rates reached their lower bound of 0%. The brainchild of then-Fed Chair Ben Bernanke, QE was launched in the midst of the 2008 financial crisis. Quantitative easing is simply a euphemism for bond purchases—Treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities—by the Federal Reserve. In theory, QE should lead…
Read more »

Matters of Maturity

KNOWING WHAT RETURN you can reasonably expect from stocks, bonds and other asset classes is valuable because it can help you make more educated asset allocation choices. It also helps you decide how much you need to be saving. If expected returns are low, you’ll need to save more. Such estimates don’t require extraordinary clairvoyance. In fact, when it comes…
Read more »

The Greatest Virtue

JASON ZWEIG of The Wall Street Journal recently proclaimed the importance of courage when investing. Courage is indeed an essential quality, especially when mustering the resolve to buy stocks when there’s “blood in the streets,” as is the case quite literally today. Yet I would argue that the greatest investment virtue—and the one that’s currently most lacking—is patience. According to…
Read more »

Ditching Bonds

THE RECENT CARNAGE in bonds has been unusually fierce. The Bloomberg Aggregate Bond Index is down more than 7% year-to-date. Unfortunately, this may be the tip of a very large iceberg. I believe we may be standing on the precipice of a multi-decade bear market for bonds. The reason for my concern can be summed up in one word: inflation. It’s…
Read more »

Great Expectations

AFTER DEPARTING the U.S. stock market for the greener pastures of emerging markets, I recently hit a pocket of turbulence. Although emerging market stocks are virtually unchanged year to date, they fell as much as 12% in August compared to the recent highs reached in February. By contrast, the S&P 500 is up 17% for the year, with barely a…
Read more »

Read Before Selling

LIKE A TIRESOME rerun of Friday the 13th, COVID-19 has returned in its newest form, the Omicron variant. Last Friday, financial markets were shaken by the news, especially the potential for greater transmissibility and the fear that current vaccines will prove impotent against the new COVID variant. Yesterday saw a partial market rebound. Still, traders are betting that share…
Read more »
HumbleDollar · https://humbledollar.com/ · printed Oct 30, 2026

Log in